genome editing
A glossary of genome-editing terms
Definitions of PAM, sgRNA, indel, HDR, NHEJ, RNP, dCas9, off-target, mosaicism and frameshift, each written to stop a specific mix-up in the notebook.
8 October 2026 · 9 min read
Topic cluster
Genome editing
Research explainers of CRISPR and related editing concepts, including guides, repair outcomes and how edits are checked.
All topicsBuffers and laboratory water26Cell culture26Chromatography26Cold chain and sample storage26Cytometry and microscopy26DNA sequencing26Gels and blotting26Gene expression26Genome editing26Immunoassays26Laboratory labware26Laboratory safety26Liquid handling26Microbiology26Molecular cloning26Nucleic acid purification26PCR and amplification26Protein biochemistry26Proteomics26Research sourcing and study design26
biosafetycrisprsequencingenquiryglossarycontrolsvalidationrecordsevidenceampliconcas9clonesfastqethicsguide rnaknockoutt7e1bacteria
26 articles
genome editing
Arrayed versus pooled screens
Arrayed screens assign one reagent to each well. Pooled screens track a library by representation, multiplicity of infection and sequencing of enrichment or dropout.
8 October 2026 · 7 min read
genome editing
Cas9 nickases and base editing concepts
Nickases, cytosine base editors and adenine base editors are different chemistry. This page separates windows, bystanders and the indels that remain.
8 October 2026 · 9 min read
genome editing
Checking whether a genome edit worked
How PCR, sequencing and protein checks show whether a genome edit is present, clonal and on target, and which result is still only a hint.
8 October 2026 · 8 min read
genome editing
Comparing knockout and knockdown evidence
A knockout is a permanent DNA allele backed by orthogonal evidence. A knockdown only lowers the transcript. A shift in Cq does not establish a knockout.
8 October 2026 · 7 min read
genome editing
Controls for a CRISPR experiment
Place a non-targeting guide, an untransfected well, a known cutter, a second guide and a parental identity check before you treat a fluorescent marker as an edit.
8 October 2026 · 9 min read
genome editing
CRISPR interference and activation overview
CRISPRi with dCas9-KRAB and CRISPRa with VP64, VPR or SAM change transcription only while the editor is present. They are not gene knockouts.
8 October 2026 · 10 min read
genome editing
Delivering editing reagents to cells
Plasmid, mRNA and ribonucleoprotein delivery change how long nuclease is present. A fluorescent marker still does not prove the locus was edited.
8 October 2026 · 9 min read
genome editing
Donor templates for a knock-in
ssODN, linear dsDNA and plasmid donors carry different knock-ins. Homology-arm figures here are planning ranges to take back to the method paper.
8 October 2026 · 9 min read
genome editing
Editing in bacteria versus mammalian cells
Bacterial editing usually needs homology and counterselection because end joining is rare. Mammalian cells mostly repair cuts by end joining, and HDR is cell-cycle limited.
8 October 2026 · 8 min read
genome editing
Editing pools versus single-cell clones
A pool is a mixture of genotypes. A single-cell clone can support one genome claim. Choose by whether the phenotype and the cells survive cloning.
8 October 2026 · 10 min read
genome editing
Ethics and approvals are outside a reagent quote
A reagent quotation covers research materials only. Institutional biosafety review, ethics review and germline limits stay with the reader's own institution.
8 October 2026 · 8 min read