Knowledge centre

Methods a laboratory can check.

Guides, method explainers and sourcing notes for research laboratories. Written by the EVRINTH Editorial Team from published methods, with catalogue links for enquiry rather than stock claims.

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520 articles

Gloved hand sliding a yellow-developed ELISA plate into a microplate reader drawer

immunoassays

Blocking and plate washers

How blocking reagents and plate washers change ELISA background, and how to tell a sticky well from a wash that never finished.

8 October 2026 · 9 min read

pH electrode in a beaker of buffer while a gloved hand adds drops from a dropper bottle

gels and blotting

Blocking buffers and background signal

Choose milk or BSA and a wash that fits the antibody, then decide whether speckles are sample signal or block, secondary, or a dried membrane.

8 October 2026 · 8 min read

Gloved fingers placing a silica spin column into a collection tube beside a tube rack and pipette tips

nucleic acid purification

Blood saliva and tissue as starting material

Explain how EDTA blood, heparin blood, saliva and solid tissue behave as extraction inputs, and why a serum tube is not whole blood.

8 October 2026 · 9 min read

Glass beakers and graduated cylinders holding blue and clear liquids on a dark lab bench

labware

Borosilicate versus soda-lime in practice

How to choose borosilicate 3.3 or soda-lime from the temperature step, the chemical, and the volume you intend to trust.

8 October 2026 · 8 min read

Mass spectrometer coupled to a liquid chromatography system with sample vials in the foreground

Pillar · proteomics

Bottom-up proteomics in plain language

Bottom-up proteomics in plain language: proteins are digested to peptides, a mass spectrometer fragments them, and a database search names candidates.

8 October 2026 · 7 min read

Gloved hands pouring acrylamide solution between glass plates in a gel casting stand

protein biochemistry

Bradford BCA and absorbance at 280 nm

Bradford, BCA and absorbance at 280 nm report different chemistries. Pick the assay your buffer allows and name the standard beside the number.

8 October 2026 · 8 min read

chromatography

Buffers that crash out on a column

Spot mobile phases that precipitate on a column: phosphate with organic solvent, high salt, cold beds, and why you filter.

8 October 2026 · 7 min read

Gloved hand weighing white powder with a spatula inside an analytical balance draft shield

immunoassays

Calibrators and what they are traceable to

A calibrator defines the ELISA x-axis. Traceability is a documented chain to a stated reference. Many research standards are assay units only.

8 October 2026 · 9 min read

Agarose gel with glowing DNA bands on a UV transilluminator under an orange safety shield

gels and blotting

Capillary electrophoresis versus slab gels

Choose a slab-gel photograph or a capillary electropherogram from the record, the resolution, and the failures you can actually check.

8 October 2026 · 8 min read

Gloved hand placing a vial into the autosampler of a modular HPLC system with solvent bottles on top

chromatography

Carryover between injections

Trace carryover to the needle, a weak wash, or a missing blank, and decide whether the next peak belongs to the previous sample.

8 October 2026 · 7 min read

genome editing

Cas9 nickases and base editing concepts

Nickases, cytosine base editors and adenine base editors are different chemistry. This page separates windows, bystanders and the indels that remain.

8 October 2026 · 9 min read

liquid handling

Checking a pipette between calibrations

A gravimetric water check shows whether a piston pipette is still fit for quantitative work between scheduled calibrations, and when to stop using it.

8 October 2026 · 10 min read